The count includes new appointments to fill vacant positions, reappointments of current governors to new terms, and appointments to replace governors who leave office. Both standard Senate-confirmed appointments and recess appointments count. Each individual is counted once even if reappointed during the period, unless they leave and are subsequently re-appointed to a different position. An appointment is counted when the individual officially begins service after taking the oath of office, as announced by the Federal Reserve Board or White House.